Monday 30 April 2007

Correction to 'Prinz Clemens' Lancers

I found contradictory references when searching for this Saxon unit with could wear two different uniforms: 1) red habit (similar to French Chasseurs a Cheval) with light-green facings or 2) light-blue Polish hulan style.
After a request at NAPOLEON-SERIES and a careful re-reading of the availables references, I have found that, although lances were introduced at 1811, the unit fought the Leipizig campaign in the red habit since the polish uniform was introduced after the battle of Lepzig.
Therefore the choice for that unit is:

Lancers HäT 8029 - French Line Chasseurs

My acknowledgement to Henning Knecht of the Napoleon Series forum for his kind assistance

Sunday 29 April 2007

The Saxon forces II. The painting

1) The basic color of Saxon Line Infantry was the white. They wore a white short-tailed coat very similar to the Bardin 1812 French habit, white breeches and black under-knees gaiters with two white crossbelts (1812 French carried only one). The regimental facings were shown in collar, lapels, cuffs (and piping?). The 1813 facings were:

König Red
Niesemeuschel Red
Prinz Anton Blue
Von Low Blue
Prinz Maximilian Yellow
Rechten Yellow
Prinz Friedrich August Green
Prinz Clemens Green



2) Grenadiers wore same uniform than Line Infantry with red shako plume and cords. Leib Grenadier Guards wore a red habit with yellow facings (collar, lapels and cuffs). They also wore a bearskin with brass plate altohugh in campaign, shakos were carried instead



.
3) The uniform for Saxon Light Infantry and Jagers was similar to the one for Line but green with green lapels, black collar and cuffs and red piping. Black crossbelts and green (Light Infantry) or white (Jagers) shako cords.

4) The Saxon Foot Artillery had a green uniform in the same style than above. with red facings (collar, lapels, cuffs and turnbacks) and red plume and shako cords.


5) Saxon Hussar Regiment wore a typical hussar costume with light blue dolman, breeches and pelisse, black pelisse facings and furs, red and white sash, white leather and lace.cords. Black shako with white plume and cords.



6) According to NAPOLEON-SERIES, the Saxon Chevaux-Legers (Lancers) uniforms were cut in a similar style to those of French Chasseurs a Cheval: red habit with facings (light green for Prinz Clemens Regiment) in collar, cuffs and lapel. White belt, black shako with white plume and cords. On the other hand, HISTOFIG gives other uniform for the Prinz Clemens Lancer Regiment at 1813: light blue breeches and coat with black facings piping red and tzchaska instead shako.

7) Horse Artillery wore a uniform similar to that of Chevaux-Legers in green with red facings (collar, lapels, cuffs and turnbacks), red plume and shako cords.


All the plates shown taken from HISTOIRE ET FIGURINES (Histofig) site

Friday 27 April 2007

The Saxon forces I. The figures

The 24th (Lecoq) and 25th (von Sahr) Infantry Divisions and the 26th (von Lindenau) Light Cavalry Brigade composed from Saxons, formed the core of the of the French VII Corps (Reynier):
24th Division (Lecoq)
1st Brigade (von Brause)
1/Saxon Guard Grenadier Battalion
1/,2/1stSaxon Light Regiment
1/Maximilian Infantry regiment
2/von Rechter Infantry Regiment
1st Jager Company
2nd Brigade (Mellentin)
Converged Saxon Grenadier Battalion Spiegel
1/,2/Frederich August Infantry Regiment
1/,2/ Steindel Infantry regiment
Artillery
1st Saxon Foot Battery
2nd Saxon Foot Battery
Saxon Train detachment

25th Division (von Sahr)
1st Brigade (von Bosch)

Converged Saxon Grenadier Battalion Kleist
1/,2/2nd Saxon Light Regiment
2/König Infantry regiment
1/Niesemeuschel Infantry Regiment
2nd Brigade (von Rissel)
1/,2/Löw Infantry Regiment
1/,2/ Anton Infantry regiment
Artillery
3rd Saxon Foot Battery
4th Saxon Foot Battery
Saxon Train detachment

26th Light Cavalry Brigade (von Lindenau)
1-8/Saxon Hussar regiment
1-5/Prinz Clemens Lancer Regiment
Artillery
1st Saxon Horse Battery
2nd Saxon Horse Battery

Reserve and Grand Park
1st Saxon 12pdr Foot Battery
1 Saxon Sapper Company
Saxon Train Detachment

At Gross-Beeren the strenght of Saxons was the following (numbers between parenthesis are Napoleon's Battles figures)
Line Infantry 5,800 (48)
Ligh Infantry 1,900 (16)
Grenadiers and Guards 973 (8)
Foot batteries 5 (5)
Hussars 780 (6)
Lancers 490 (4)
Horse batteries 2 (2)


Bibliography
Napoleon at Dresden. The Battles of August 1813
George Nafziger
The Emperor Press , Chicago, 1994

1813: The Year that Doomed the Empire.
Special Study Nr.1
Operational Studies Group.


There are not specifically designed Saxon 1813 figures, so it becomes necessary to find similar ones amongst the existent. At 1813, the Saxon uniforms ressembled the post-1812 (Bardin) French uniform. After severals request in the HAT forum , the Napoleon Series forum and a search in The Plastic Soldier Review I arrived to the following choices:
Line Infantry HAT 8042 French Light Infantry/Italeri 6066 French Line Infantry
Ligh Infantry ditto
Grenadier ditto with French Guard Grenadier heads
Artllery ZVEZDA 8028 French Foot Artillery
Hussars ITALERI 6008 French Hussars
Lancers ESCI 218 - 'Polish Lancers' French Cavalry

Wednesday 25 April 2007

The Italian forces II. The painting

1) The basic color of Italian Line Infantry was the white. They wore a white long-tailed coat similar to the pre-1812 French habit, white breeches and black under-knees gaiters. The regimental distinctions were carried in collar, lapels, cuffs, turnbacks and piping. Voltigeurs and grenadiers had, respectively, green ad red epauletes whereas fusiliers had white shoulder straps.
The HISTUNIF.COM site describe the 1812 Reglament and had color plates with all the uniforms. Here I show only the corresponding to the units fighting in the Campaign of Leipzig






See the excelente conversion of HaT French Line 1808-1812 carried out for Adam Parson.

2) The uniform for Light Infantry had a green short-tailed habit, green trousers and black gaiters. Voltigeurs and carabiniers wore green and red epauletes respectively, and center companies wore green shoulder straps.

3) The Guard of Milan wore a sky-blue long-tailed habit similar to line infantry and red distinctions
4) The Foot Artillery wore a green uniform with green distinctives


Tuesday 24 April 2007

The Italian forces I. The figures

Italians were present at Leipzig as well as in the battles of Gross-Beeren and Dennewitz. The 15th Division (Fontanelli) of the French IV Corps (Bertrand) comprised three infantry brigades:
1st Brigade (Martel)
3/,4/1st Italian Line Regiment
2/,3/,4/4th Italian Line regiment
2nd Brigade (Saint-Andrea)
2/,3/,4/1st Italian Light Regiment
3/,4/6th Italin Line Regiment
3rd brigade (Moroni)
1st Milan Guard Battalion
2/,3/,4/7th Italian Line Regiment
Artillery
1/1st Italian Foot Battery
13/1st Italian Foot Battery
5th,6th Italian Train Companies
Sappers, Marine artisans...

At Gross-Beeren the strenght of Italians was the following (numbers between parenthesis are Napoleon's Battles figures)
Line Infantry 5,157 (43)
Ligh Infantry 2,113 (18)
Milan Guard 537 (4)
Foot batteries 2 (2)

Bibliography
Napoleon at Dresden. The Battles of August 1813
George Nafziger
The Emperor Press , Chicago, 1994

1813: The Year that Doomed the Empire.
Special Study Nr.1
Operational Studies Group.


There are not specifically designed Italian figures, so it becomes necessary to find similar ones amongst the existent. At 1813, the uniforms of the Kingdom of Italy followed the Regulations of 1812. These uniforms can be seen at HISTUNIF.COM.

Using the above information with the given in The Plastic Soldier Review showing the actual posibilites (i.e. miniatures in the market) I arrived to the following choices:

Line Infantry HAT 8095 1808-1812 French Line Infantry
Ligh Infantry ESCI 227 French Line Infantry
Milan Guard HAT 8095 1808-1812 French Line Infantry
Foot batteries ZVEZDA 8028 French Foot Artillery

Sunday 22 April 2007

The uniformology at Leipzig times

During 1812 and 1813 there was some major and many minor changes in the indumentary of the men fighting in all the armies, caused by logistical shortcomings derived from a near universal conscription or by the implantation of new regulations. From memory I can remember that French infantry was suposed to fight in the new Bardin uniform, the French 'Chasseurs à Cheval' changed to their new Kinsky habits, the Prussian Reserve and Landwher units (both infantry and cavalry) weared many different indumentaries, the Wurtemburgers changed their typical helmets by shakos, etc.

In the FLB, Gross-Beeren, Katzbach, Kulm and Dennewitz, fought many different nations. Along their French allieds were Italians, Saxons, Wurtemburgers, Bavarians and Polish. In the Coallition side were Prussians, Russians and Austrians. In my previous refigths of these battles I used the adequate figures for the major nations and some of the minor ones, but Italians, Wurtemburgers, Bavarians and Saxons were represented in the battlefield by figures with similar uniforms.

Now I want to use the right figures so a little previous uniformological research must be carried out. This part of the hobby is for me so pleasant as the actual wargaming!

Monday 16 April 2007

Welcome to the Leipzig Project

I play solo-wargames with 1/72 (20 mm) miniatures and the Napoleon's Battles (NB) rule-set. I have played battles for the Napoleon's campaigns of 1805, 1809, 1813, 1815 and the Peninsular.The 1813 autumn campaign in Germany (a.k.a the Campaign of Leipzig) is one of my favourites. After the French disaster at Russia, the breach between the tactical abilities of the French Army and its enemies practically disppeared. On the other hand, the Emperor's strategical genius was not the same than before, and the Allied commanders usually known the way to handle him (at the cost of some rebuffals such Lutzen, Bautzen or Dresden). All those considerations lead to both equilibrate campaigns and battles. Gone were the times of Austerlitz, Jena or even Wagram.

All those considerations are acknowledged in NB by lowering the French army statistics whereas the Allied ones are increased, so the flavour of the campaign is maintained. In the past I have played some of the battles of the Leipzig Campaign (see the PREVIOUS NB SCENARIOS' at right) with variable results that generally follow the real result. Now I want to replay, practically from scratch, the 1813 autumn campaign.

In this occasion I can use as an aid the boardgames 'Four Lost Battles' (FLB) and 'Napoleon at the Crossroads' (NAC) the last products of the Kevin Zucker's Operational Studies Group. FLB focusses on the battles of Gross-Beeren, Katzbach, Kulm and Dennewitz, four battles lost by the Napoleon's subordinates: Oudinot, Macdonald, Vandamme and Ney. NAC is more strategical in scope covering all the autumn Campaign beginning at the end of the August armistice.

I will use the previous Scenarios as a starting basis, modifying the OOB's when necessary, at the light of new bibligraphy, and adding the chance element (chance cards) following the FLB style. The chosen battles are initially the FLB: Gross-Beeren, Katzbach, Kulm and Dennewitz.